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Figures in Executive Summary and Sections 1 to 7 in this page

Tables in Executive Summary and Sections 1 to 7 in this page

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Table of Contents by Section: Text, Figures and Tables Links

Overview | Counties | Aquifers | Rivers | Entities | About the Plan | Keywords | Files | For Users

Section Page

Executive Summary - text linked to Figures and Tables..................................................... ES-1

1 Description of South Central Texas Region (with Section 1.1 to 1.6) Text linked to Figures and Tables..................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Background............................................................................................ 1-1

1.2 Physical Description of the South Central Texas Region.................. 1-2

1.2.1....... Climate................................................................................... 1-2

1.2.2....... General Geology................................................................... 1-5

1.2.3....... Vegetational Areas............................................................... 1-5

1.2.4....... Natural Resources................................................................. 1-9

1.2.5....... Major Water Demand Centers.......................................... 1-11

1.3 Population and Demography.............................................................. 1-13

1.3.1....... Historical and Recent Trends in Population..................... 1-13

1.3.2....... Demographic Characteristics........................................... 1-15

1.4 Economy – Major Sectors and Industries......................................... 1-18

1.4.1....... Summary of the South Central Texas Regional
Economy.............................................................................. 1-18

1.4.2....... Agricultural Production....................................................... 1-18

1.4.3....... Livestock Production.......................................................... 1-20

1.4.4....... Mining................................................................................... 1-22

1.4.5....... Manufacturing...................................................................... 1-22

1.4.6....... Trades and Services.......................................................... 1-24

1.5 Water Uses........................................................................................... 1-24

1.6 Major Municipal and Manufacturing Water Providers...................... 1-27

1.6.1....... San Antonio Water System................................................ 1-27

1.6.2....... Bexar Metropolitan Water District..................................... 1-28

1.6.3....... Canyon Regional Water Authority..................................... 1-28

1.6.4....... Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority.................................... 1-28

1.6.5....... New Braunfels Utilities........................................................ 1-29

1.6.6....... City of San Marcos............................................................. 1-29

1.7 Water Supplies (with Section 1.8)..................................................... 1-29

1.7.1....... Groundwater........................................................................ 1-29

1.7.2....... Surface Water..................................................................... 1-38

1.7.3....... Existing Surface Water Resources, Including
Major Springs...................................................................... 1-41

1.8 Water Quality........................................................................................ 1-47

1.8.1....... Groundwater Quality........................................................... 1-47

1.8.2....... Surface Water Quality......................................................... 1-50

1.9 Threats to Agricultural and Natural Resources (with Section 1.10.3) 1-51

1.10 Summary of Existing Plans and Programs....................................... 1-52

1.10.1..... State and Federal Plans/Programs.................................. 1-53

1.10.2..... Regional Water Plans......................................................... 1-63

1.10.3..... Certified Groundwater Conservation District
Management Plans............................................................. 1-69

1.10.4..... Local Water Plans............................................................... 1-74

1.10.5..... Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plans
(with Section 1.12).............................................................. 1-90

1.10.6..... Water Quality Programs................................................... 1-102

1.10.7..... Summary of Other Information Available from
Existing Local/Regional Planning................................... 1-104

1.11 Water Availability Requirements Promulgated by a County
Commissioners Court....................................................................... 1-105

1.12 Current Preparations for Drought.................................................... 1-105

2 Population and Water Demand Projections - Text linked to Figures and Tables 2-1

2.1 Population Projections.......................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Municipal Water Demand Projections............................................... 2-12

2.3 Industrial Water Demand Projections................................................ 2-15

2.4 Steam-Electric Power Water Demand Projections......................... 2-15

2.5 Mining Water Demand Projections.................................................... 2-16

2.6 Irrigation Water Demand Projections................................................ 2-21

2.7 Livestock Water Demand Projections............................................... 2-24

2.8 Total Water Demand Projections....................................................... 2-27

2.9 Water Demand Projections for Counties and Parts of
Counties of River and Coastal Basins of the South
Central Texas Region.......................................................................... 2-30

2.10 Water Demand Projections for Major Water Providers
in the South Central Texas Region ................................................... 2-48

2.10.1..... San Antonio Water System (SAWS)................................ 2-51

2.10.2..... Bexar Metropolitan Water District (BMWD)..................... 2-51

2.10.3..... Canyon Regional Water Authority (CRWA)..................... 2-59

2.10.4..... Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority (GBRA)..................... 2-59

2.10.5..... New Braunfels Utilities (NBU)............................................ 2-61

2.10.6..... City of San Marcos............................................................. 2-61

3 Evaluation of Current Water Supplies - Text linked to Figures and Tables 3-1

3.1 Groundwater........................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.1....... Edwards-Balcones Fault Zone Aquifer
(Edwards Aquifer)................................................................. 3-1

3.1.2....... Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer (Carrizo Aquifer)............................ 3-1

3.1.3....... Trinity Aquifer......................................................................... 3-2

3.1.4....... Gulf Coast Aquifer................................................................. 3-2

3.1.5....... Edwards-Trinity (Plateau) Aquifer....................................... 3-3

3.1.6....... Sparta Aquifer....................................................................... 3-3

3.1.7....... Queen City Aquifer................................................................ 3-3

3.1.8....... Groundwater Availability in the South Central

................ Texas Region......................................................................... 3-4

3.2 Surface Water........................................................................................ 3-6

3.2.1....... Lakes and Reservoirs........................................................... 3-7

3.2.2....... Run-of-River Water Rights.................................................... 3-9

3.3 Drought Response............................................................................... 3-11

3.4 Methodology to Calculate the Water Supplies Available
to the South Central Texas Region and Methodology for
Calculating the Water Supplies Available for Water
User Groups......................................................................................... 3-14

3.5 Potential for Emergency Transfers of Surface Water...................... 3-18

4 Comparison of Supply and Demand to Determine Needs - Text linked to Tables 4-1

4.1 Water Needs Projections by Water User Group................................ 4-1

4.2 Water Needs Projections by Major Water Provider...................... 4-114

4.3 Social and Economic Impacts of Not Meeting
Projected Water Needs.................................................................... 4-116

5 Regional, County, City, Water User Group, and
Major Provider Plans - Section 5 Part 1 Text Section 5 Part 2 Text ............. 5-1

5.1 Regional Water Planning Process (Starting Section 5 - Part 1) 5-1

5.1.1....... Water Supply Options........................................................... 5-2

5.1.2....... Alternative Regional Water Plans........................................ 5-3

5.2 South Central Texas Regional Water Plan.......................................... 5-7

5.2.1....... Regional Summaries............................................................ 5-7

5.2.2....... County Summaries............................................................. 5-21

5.2.3....... Water Management Strategies......................................... 5-65

5.2.4....... Cumulative Effects - (Starting Section 5 - Part 2)............ 5-81

5.2.5....... Environmental Assessment............................................. 5-103

5.2.6....... Implementation Issues...................................................... 5-118

5.2.7....... Special Water Resources................................................ 5-127

5.3 Water User Group Plans and Costs - Section 5 - Part 3.............. 5-129

5.3.1....... Atascosa County Water Supply Plan (Starting Section 5 Part 3) 5-133

5.3.2....... Bexar County Water Supply Plan.................................... 5-143

5.3.3....... Caldwell County Water Supply Plan............................... 5-191

5.3.4....... Calhoun County Water Supply Plan................................ 5-197

5.3.5....... Comal County Water Supply Plan................................... 5-203

5.3.6....... DeWitt County Water Supply Plan.................................. 5-213

5.3.7....... Dimmit County Water Supply Plan.................................. 5-217

5.3.8....... Frio County Water Supply Plan....................................... 5-221

5.3.9....... Goliad County Water Supply Plan................................... 5-225

5.3.10..... Gonzales County Water Supply Plan.............................. 5-229

5.3.11..... Guadalupe County Water Supply Plan........................... 5-233

5.3.12..... Hays County Water Supply Plan..................................... 5-245

5.3.13..... Karnes County Water Supply Plan.................................. 5-255

5.3.14..... Kendall County Water Supply Plan................................. 5-259

5.3.15..... LaSalle County Water Supply Plan................................. 5-265

5.3.16..... Medina County Water Supply Plan................................. 5-269

5.3.17..... Refugio County Water Supply Plan................................. 5-279

5.3.18..... Uvalde County Water Supply Plan.................................. 5-283

5.3.19..... Victoria County Water Supply Plan................................. 5-289

5.3.20..... Wilson County Water Supply Plan.................................. 5-293

5.3.21..... Zavala County Water Supply Plan................................... 5-299

5.4 Water Supply Plans for Major Water Providers............................. 5-305

5.4.1....... Regional Water Provider(s) for Bexar County............... 5-305

5.4.2....... San Antonio Water System (SAWS).............................. 5-309

5.4.3....... Bexar Metropolitan Water District (BMWD).................. 5-312

5.4.4....... Canyon Regional Water Authority (CRWA)................... 5-316

5.4.5....... Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority (GBRA)................... 5-317

5.4.6....... New Braunfels Utilities (NBU).......................................... 5-318

5.4.7....... City of San Marcos........................................................... 5-320

6 Policies and Recommendations...................................................................... 6-1

6.1 Introduction.............................................................................................. 6-1

6.2 Additional Regional Water Plan Recommendations......................... 6-1

6.2.1....... Additional Regional Water Supply Storage....................... 6-1

6.2.2....... Lockhart Reservoir................................................................ 6-2

6.3 Guiding Principles and Assumptions................................................... 6-2

6.3.1....... Regional Balance of Benefits and Costs —
Mitigation Policy.................................................................... 6-2

6.3.2....... Conservation.......................................................................... 6-3

6.3.3....... Use of Evaluation Criteria.................................................... 6-3

6.3.4....... Potential Reductions in Permitted
Groundwater Supply.............................................................. 6-3

6.3.5....... Groundwater Sustainability.................................................. 6-4

6.3.6....... Protection of Edwards Aquifer Springflow
and Downstream Water Rights............................................ 6-4

6.3.7....... Planning for System Management
Water Supplies...................................................................... 6-4

6.4 Feasibility of Meeting Irrigation Water Needs.................................... 6-5

6.5 Evaluation Criteria................................................................................. 6-5

6.6 Conservation Planning Guidelines....................................................... 6-7

6.7 Legislative Recommendations............................................................. 6-7

6.7.1....... Plan Implementation.............................................................. 6-7

6.7.2....... Changes in TWDB Planning Process.............................. 6-11

6.7.3....... Proposals for Other Legislative Changes........................ 6-13

6.7.4....... Ecologically Unique Stream Segments and
Unique Reservoir Sites...................................................... 6-14

Supplement 1 Text

Supplement 2

7 Regional Water Plan Adoption......................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Facilitation.............................................................................................. 7-1

7.1.1....... Overview................................................................................. 7-1

7.1.2....... Initial Workshop..................................................................... 7-1

7.1.3....... Interviews................................................................................ 7-2

7.1.4....... Facilitation.............................................................................. 7-2

7.1.5....... Development of Alternatives................................................ 7-3

7.1.6....... Selection of Initially Prepared Plan...................................... 7-4

7.2 Public Participation................................................................................ 7-6

7.2.1....... Introduction............................................................................. 7-6

7.2.2....... Phase I Public Participation................................................. 7-6

7.2.3....... Phase II Public Participation................................................ 7-7

7.2.4....... Phase III Public Participation............................................... 7-8

7.3 Coordination with Other Regions..................................................... 7-109

7.4 Final Plan Adoption........................................................................... 7-110

Appendices

Appendix A – Irrigation Projection Methodology

Appendix B – General Procedures and Assumptions for Technical Evaluations

Appendix C – Reliability Information for Water Rights in the South Central Texas Region

Supplement to Vol. I - Conservation Planning Guidelines

List of Figures

Figure Page

ES-1 South Central Texas Planning Region (Region L)...................................... ES-3

ES-2 Plan Structure.................................................................................................. ES-4

ES-3 Projected Water Demands.......................................................................... ES-12

ES-4 Distribution of Total Demand Among Users.............................................. ES-14

ES-5 Supply, Demand, and Need (Shortage)..................................................... ES-16

ES-6 Projected Water Needs (Shortages).......................................................... ES-17

ES-7 Counties with Projected Municipal Needs (Shortages)........................... ES-18

ES-8 Cities with Projected Needs (Shortages).................................................. ES-18

ES-9 Counties with Projected Industrial Needs (Shortages)............................. ES-19

ES-10 Counties with Projected Steam-Electric Needs (Shortages).................. ES-19

ES-11 Counties with Projected Irrigation Needs (Shortages)............................. ES-20

ES-12 Counties with Projected Mining Needs (Shortages)................................ ES-20

ES-13 Regional Planning Process......................................................................... ES-22

ES-14 Sources of New Supply................................................................................ ES-23

ES-15 Phased Implementation of Water Management Strategies............. ES-23

ES-16 Regional Water Plan — Annual Cost of Cumulative
Additional Water Supply.............................................................................. ES-29

ES-17 Regional Water Plan — Unit Cost of Cumulative
Additional Water Supply.............................................................................. ES-30

1-1 Eco-Regions — South Central Texas Region................................................ 1-6

1-2 Percentages of Population Residing in Urban and Rural
Areas (1990).................................................................................................... 1-15

1-3 Age Distribution of the Population (1990)..................................................... 1-17

1-4 Level of Educational Achievement (1990).................................................... 1-17

1-5 Major Aquifers.................................................................................................. 1-30

1-6 River Basins, Coastal Basins, Reservoirs, and Lakes................................ 1-39

2-1 Summary of South Central Texas Region’s Projected Population............... 2-4

2-2 Projected Per Capita Water Use and Municipal Water Demand.............. 2-14

2-3 Projections of Industrial, Steam-Electric, and Mining
Water Demands............................................................................................... 2-20

2-4 Projections of Irrigation Water Demands...................................................... 2-23

2-5 Projections of Livestock Water Demands.................................................... 2-26

2-6 Total Water Demand Projections................................................................... 2-29

3-1 Major Aquifers – South Central Texas Region............................................... 3-2

3-2 River Basins, Coastal Basins, Reservoirs, and Lakes
(South Central Texas Region).......................................................................... 3-6

5.1-1 Planning Process............................................................................................... 5-1

5.2-1 Regional Water Plan – South Central Texas – Region L
Regional Water Planning Area......................................................................... 5-9

5.2-2 Regional Water Plan....................................................................................... 5-16

5.2-3 Regional Water Plan – Annual Cost of Cumulative
Additional Water Supply................................................................................. 5-18

5.2-4 Regional Water Plan – Unit Cost of Cumulative
Additional Water Supply................................................................................. 5-19

5.2-5 Regional Water Plan – Atascosa County...................................................... 5-22

5.2-6 Regional Water Plan – Bexar County............................................................ 5-24

5.2-7 Regional Water Plan – Caldwell County....................................................... 5-26

5.2-8 Regional Water Plan – Calhoun County........................................................ 5-28

5.2-9 Regional Water Plan – Comal County........................................................... 5-30

5.2-10 Regional Water Plan – DeWitt County.......................................................... 5-32

5.2-11 Regional Water Plan – Dimmit County.......................................................... 5-34

5.2-12 Regional Water Plan – Frio County............................................................... 5-36

5.2-13 Regional Water Plan – Goliad County........................................................... 5-38

5.2-14 Regional Water Plan – Gonzales County...................................................... 5-40

5.2-15 Regional Water Plan – Guadalupe County................................................... 5-42

5.2-16 Regional Water Plan – Hays County............................................................. 5-44

5.2-17 Regional Water Plan – Karnes County.......................................................... 5-46

5.2-18 Regional Water Plan – Kendall County......................................................... 5-48

5.2-19 Regional Water Plan – La Salle County........................................................ 5-50

5.2-20 Regional Water Plan – Medina County......................................................... 5-52

5.2-21 Regional Water Plan – Refugio County......................................................... 5-54

5.2-22 Regional Water Plan – Uvalde County.......................................................... 5-56

5.2-23 Regional Water Plan – Victoria County......................................................... 5-58

5.2-24 Regional Water Plan – Wilson County.......................................................... 5-60

5.2-25 Regional Water Plan – Zavala County........................................................... 5-62

5.2-26 Regional Water Plan – Simulated Comal Springs Discharge.................... 5-82

5.2-27 Regional Water Plan – Simulated San Marcos Springs Discharge.......... 5-83

5.2-28 Regional Water Plan – Simulated Edwards Aquifer Pumpage.................. 5-84

5.2-29 Regional Water Plan – Simulated Edwards Aquifer Levels....................... 5-85

5.2-30 Regional Water Plan – Additional Carrizo Groundwater Pumpage........... 5-87

5.2-31 Regional Water Plan – Simulated Carrizo Aquifer Drawdown................... 5-88

5.2-32 Regional Water Plan – Carrizo Aquifer......................................................... 5-89

5.2-33 Regional Water Plan – Carrizo Aquifer......................................................... 5-90

5.2-34 Regional Water Plan – Carrizo Aquifer......................................................... 5-91

5.2-35 Regional Water Plan – Carrizo Aquifer......................................................... 5-92

5.2-36 Regional Water Plan – Carrizo Aquifer......................................................... 5-93

5.2-37 Simsboro Aquifer in CPS-ALCOA Area Drawdown between
Years 2000 and 2050 for 55,000 acft/yr Water Supply............................... 5-94

5.2-38 Regional Water Plan – Simsboro Aquifer..................................................... 5-95

5.2-39 Regional Water Plan – Simsboro Aquifer..................................................... 5-96